Category Archives: Labor Economics

US tariff fight shifts to Mexico

Mexican-made heavy equipment is being targeted in the latest Section 232 national security probes. These analyses are required before imposition of new tariffs. The claim is that such manufacturing should be performed in the US.

There’s some merit to argue that for national defense the US should have a vibrant heavy equipment manufacturing sector. If you think wars of the future will be fought with tanks, ships, airplanes, and large landing craft, the US should be able to ramp up production fast in case of a war.

Current wars aren’t fought that way. They are waged with missiles, drones, and portable explosives of many different kinds, delivered with high-tech mechanisms. And the Ukraine war and even Iran have shown that conventional forces can be stymied by the high-tech alternatives.

High-tech mechanisms are well within US manufacturing capabilities. There are plenty of jobs available at good wages, if you get the training.

A second argument for the tariffs is based on jobs for workers. High-paying manufacturing jobs are good for those who have them and like the lifestyle. But increasingly, young people are not choosing those jobs, preferring work settings that give them the ability to define their leisure time as they wish. Conventional heavy manufacturing does not fit that mold.

And in the US we have a declining work force, particularly if we choose not to let in immigrants for whom such jobs would be desirable.

So where are the workers going to come from?

We could be better off by cultivating our relations with Mexico and allow them to do the heavy manufacturing of automobile-like components.

Noi Mahoney Wednesday, April 01, 2026

https://www.freightwaves.com/news/us-tariff-fight-shifts-to-heavy-machinery-imported-from-mexico

Cabotage laws cover 85% of world’s coastlines

Cabotage refers to laws or regulations that insist that national carriers transport freight or passengers within a country. A new publication indicates it is becoming more prevalent.

Cabotage in the US has been a feature of air travel for many years; it’s why we don’t see foreign airlines flying US domestic routes. But it’s perhaps more important in the case of ocean freight. For instance, Hawaii needs to have US ships transport goods. Same with Puerto Rico.

The principal argument for cabotage is to protect a nation’s logistics capacity when there’s an outside threat. That includes having trained seafarers, and a supply of vehicles or ships under control of a nation’s firms.

Cabotage has been around for centuries. Great Britain in the 1700s and 1800s had strict cabotage laws as did most other European powers of the day; France, Spain, Portugal. The laws varied, but violations of them were considered piracy. It’s hard to enforce such laws everywhere on a coastline. During the 1700s and 1800s Ireland and France did a brisk trade under the radar; recall that the Irish were not happy about British supremacy there.

In the US cabotage requires building of ships in the US, so it supports the US shipbuilding industry. It also ensures that military cargoes have US ships to carry them in case of war, as well as some trained hands for the ships.

How effective it is for these purposes is not clear, as the number of US citizen mariners has been declining for years now. It’s not that attractive a profession for many; a hard life, and constantly traveling. As a veteran of a maritime academy faculty, I am well aware of the difficulty of getting students to choose this kind of education.

It seems that most nations have cabotage laws now. The report mentioned in the story indicates a large percentage of coastlines are affected by cabotage restrictions of various kinds, with over 105 nations reporting cabotage restrictions.

The new publication is the second edition of Cabotage Laws of the World, by Hilton Staniland and Deirdre Fitzpatrick. The latter is the CEO of Seafarers Rights International (SRI), an important organization in the maritime community.

Sam Chambers October 1, 2025

https://splash247.com/cabotage-laws-now-cover-85-of-worlds-coastlines/

Kenyan driver rumors plague Werner Trucking

Nebraska, the home state of Werner, has made a deal with Kenya to get workers from there. The reason given is to make more truck drivers available.

Werner got caught up in the flak because they hosted a meeting between the Nebraska Secretary of State and a Kenyan delegation. The topic was supposedly an economic cooperation deal. But both Kenyan and Nebraska officials have said that acquiring Kenyan truck drivers was one of the objectives.

Werner managment claimed on X that they have no plans to hire Kenyan drivers and are not part of the deal. But other Nebraska trucking firms have said they would be interested.

I’ve met Derek Leathers, CEO of Werner, and if he says Werner will not hire Kenyan drivers, I believe him.

But my question is, where does Nebraska get off making arrangements to bring foreign workers into the US? The oft-repeated policy of the US government is to deport foreign workers, and the rationale is that they take jobs from Americans. Why are these workers an exception?

Now I support allowing immigration; we have an aging workforce, we are becoming a nation of retired people. Our younger generations tend to want jobs that offer a better lifestyle than factory or repetitive jobs. Truck driving doesn’t offer any lifestyle advantages for most folks, and many of our trucking firms have often routinely taken advantage of drivers.

But truck driving is essential to our economy and our businesses. So we need drivers, just as we need agricultural workers, construction workers, landscapers, and those who can perform other hard jobs. Immigrant workers pay taxes and spend cash in American businesses. It’s good for all.

John Kingston Wednesday, September 10, 2025

https://www.freightwaves.com/news/werner-faces-social-media-storm-over-kenyan-driver-rumors