Category Archives: Strategy

Boardroom battle at Norfolk Southern heats up

Ancora Advisors (some info here), an activist hedge fund with over 300 high-wealth customers, is suggesting 7 new board members for the Class I rail Norfolk Southern (NS). You may remember NS as the victim of the giant train wreck in New Palestine, OH, which released a lot of fumes; it has been criticized for having too few workers to perform required preventative inspections. Ancora also has suggestions for a new COO who is a disciple of Hunter Harrison, who implemented precision scheduled railroading.

Regulators also are suspicious of the idea. They fear that Ancora is more interested in short-term profit and will drive railroad operations back into a philosophy of cost savings rather than a culture of safety.

I looked a bit at the Ancora staff and CEO. I don’t see folks who seem like rabid cost-cutters. I do see people who might feel that NS’s current management has not done enough to address the operational problems that have recently come up, both in the safety line and in operational effectiveness in meeting customer requirements.

That too is a concern of regulators, though it’s a bit muted. Reciprocal switching is also being discussed now, and the rails are not enthusiastic about a change towards this practice, even though it would be consistent with a common carrier’s role, and would increase competition for customers.

We will watch closely to see how the boardroom battle continues.

By Ian Putzger in Toronto  28/02/2024

Boardroom battle at Norfolk Southern heats up as rail regulators weigh in

How China Uses Shipping for Surveillance and Control

Beijing’s global maritime operations double as intelligence-gathering outposts.

I was not aware that Chinese interests have installed operating software at quite a few ports around the world. Coupled with the Chinese Government’s mandate to share all information with the Chinese Government, we have an ideal spying network. Port traffic is a clear indication of material movements, and could give insights useful for military action.

The article in Foreign Policy, clearly labeled ‘argument’, suggests that the US government examine the risks and take actions to thwart the use of port information. It’s not unlike the US Government stance on Huawei components for cell phones. That fear led to a ban on Huawei selling components in the US.

Europe has a problem too. This map from Alphaliner shows which ports in Europe have Chinese interests.

Of course, they aren’t controlling except at Piraeus in Greece and Zeebrugge in the Netherlands. And 23 of them arise from state-owned Chinese interests, China Overseas Shipping Company (COSCO) and Terminal Link, a joint venture with liner company CMA CGM.

The EU adopted new rules last December that call for monitoring of potential threats posed by Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in European assets.

By Elaine Dezenski, a senior director and the head of the Center on Economic and Financial Power at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, and David Rader, a senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies. SEPTEMBER 20, 2023, 4:46 AM

How China Uses Shipping for Surveillance and Control

By Gavin van Marle 21/09/2023

Are China’s ports and shipping companies being used to spy on the world?

Sam Chambers September 20, 2023

China’s European port interests mapped

When more is less

Drewry’s has an interesting Container Insight feature that clearly shows how container lines can add ships to their fleet and maintain a fixed effective capacity on a route. The essence of it in simplest form is to go more slowly. Consider their example, in Figure 1.

Figure 1: How to hide containership capacity

Note: * Based on a fixed-day-weekly end-to-end westbound Asia to North Europe service with no wayport / intermediate calls; assumes High-Cube capacity reduction of 8.5% and out-of-scope reduction of 1% (differs by trade).

Source: Drewry Maritime Research

Frequency on the route in Figure 1 stays the same, and the average capacity remains constant. The effective capacity of the trade lane stays the same.

So liner companies have quite a bit of flexibility to deploy their ships and manage the supply. In times when the demand is dropping, however, there are limits to what these policies can do. And all the strategies are not equally profitable. In times of financial pressure there would be motives for firms to use the cheapest solution instead of the one best suited to the customers’ needs, the customer being the shippers.

Understanding your shippers’ needs and developing schedules and provisioning of the routes to meet those real needs is the best way for success.

Drewry – Weekly Feature Articles – When more is less (or net neutral)

Drewry – Weekly Feature Articles – When more is less (or net neutral)